Pterygium
A pterygium is a non-cancerous, wedge-shaped growth of tissue that starts on the white part of the eye (sclera) and can extend onto the clear front surface of the eye (cornea). It is also commonly called "surfer’s eye" because it often affects people who spend a lot of time in the sun or wind.
Causes
- Prolonged exposure to UV light
- Dry, dusty, or windy environments
- Chronic eye irritation from sun, wind, or dust
- More common in people living near the equator or working outdoors
Symptoms
- Visible, fleshy growth on the white of the eye (usually on the side near the nose)
- Redness or inflammation
- Dryness, irritation, or a gritty feeling
- Blurred vision (if the growth extends onto the cornea)
Diagnosis
- Diagnosed during a routine eye exam
Management
Conservative (Non-surgical) Treatment:
- Lubricating eye drops to relieve irritation and dryness
- Anti-inflammatory drops for redness or swelling
- Sunglasses with UV protection to prevent progression
Surgical Treatment:
- Recommended if the pterygium:
- Grows toward the center of the cornea and affects vision
- Causes significant discomfort
- Is cosmetically bothersome
- Surgery is typically safe and done on an outpatient basis
Prevention Tips
- Wear UV-protective sunglasses and hats when outdoors
- Use artificial tears in dry or dusty conditions
- Avoid prolonged exposure to sun and wind without eye protection